黄檗山开基及其历史沿革
<section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 15px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; display: inline-block; width: 558px; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(255, 246, 246);"><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: -10px 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; display: flex; flex-flow: row nowrap;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; width: auto; flex: 100 100 0%; height: auto; align-self: center;"><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"/></p></section><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: center; justify-content: center;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;"><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">隋唐时期，中国经济发展的主流集中在中原一带，江南大部分地区人迹罕至，物产丰富，成为禅师净行的首选之地。一时间，幽篁丛竹，伽蓝遍布，释子白衣，喝唱成风，形成了“天下名山僧占多”的蔚然胜观。</p></section></section><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"/></p></section></section><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 22px; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 0px; border-color: rgb(194, 37, 35) rgb(194, 37, 35) rgb(194, 37, 35) rgb(222, 54, 54); flex: 0 0 auto; align-self: stretch; height: auto;"><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"/></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><p></p><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 0em; text-align: center; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"/></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">众多原本名不见经传的山川，籍“山因寺名，寺因僧显”，一跃成为华夏名山、佛教圣地。古云：“德不孤，必有邻”。禅师们淡泊名利、超然物外的操守言行，令无数朝野名流神往不已，访道参禅之风盛行于世。诂唱吟诵，鸿雁频往，催生了冠绝古今的“中国禅文化”。</p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">位于福建的黄檗山，便是“山因寺名，寺因僧显”的突出例证。</p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">从唐代的“般若禅、建福禅寺”，到明神宗敕额“万福禅寺”，千秋古刹终于造就了万代名山。黄檗寺院又因众多禅们巨匠，诸如开山正干、希运、鸿庥、月轮、密云、费隐、隐元等驻锡弘化，成为了驰名中外的禅宗道场。</p></section><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: right; justify-content: flex-end; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; vertical-align: middle; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; width: 457.547px; height: auto; border-width: 0px; border-style: none; border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);"></section></section><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="margin: -72px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); justify-content: flex-start; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 27px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; width: 446.391px; vertical-align: top; border-style: dashed; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-color: rgb(147, 176, 108); height: auto; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;"><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">黄檗（黄蘗），本是一种树名，属芸香科，落叶乔木，皮可入药。《神农本草经》称其为檗木，列为上品。黄檗树在全国各地均有分布生长。</p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">位于今福建福清渔溪镇联华村境内的黄檗山，原名鹫峰，因盛产黄檗树而得名。其与佛教结缘，进而成为禅宗祖庭发祥地之一，始于唐代中期。</p></section></section></section><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px;">唐贞元五年（789），六祖惠能门下嗣法弟子正干禅师云游过此，喜瞻层峦叠嶂，流泉飞瀑，黄檗参天，远离尘嚣，最宜息心修道。又因黄檗味苦，顿悟其师临别时“遇苦即止”赠言，自忖因缘会遇，于是结茅静修，将所居名为“般若堂”。黄檗山中第一座伽蓝应运而生。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px;">贞元八年（792），唐德宗赐名“建福禅寺”。自此，黄檗山堂宇开始了历史上第一次扩建。也就在这个时候，一代禅门巨匠希运禅师来到黄檗山出家。</span></p><section style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; text-indent: 0em; text-align: center; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px;"></span></section><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px;">出生于泉州福唐县（今福建福清）的希运禅师，对家乡的黄檗山可谓情有独钟，“厥后阐化江外，所住巨刹，皆以黄檗称，为酷爱兹山邃幽故也”。也正因为这种念兹在兹的故山情，为以后黄檗遍天下的大观奠定了基础。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px;">宋元以降，黄檗山渐趋衰落，寺院一度陷于无力维持的地步。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px;">明朝洪武二十三年（1390），大休禅师继席黄檗，在大檀越周心鉴倾力协助下，增置田产，重修殿宇，使黄檗山再呈鼎盛之象。相传当时“钟声所闻之处，皆归寺产”，临近三里一庙，五里一寺，计有44座庙宇并归黄檗名下。玉融十景之一“黄檗晨钟”盛况，就是这一时期的真实写照。</span></p><section style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; text-indent: 0em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px;"></span></section><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px;">明嘉靖三十四年（1555），倭寇进犯福清，黄檗寺院遭其焚掠殆尽，千年祖庭复成榛莽之地。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px;">明隆庆年间（1567-1572），中天正圆禅师来到黄檗山，结茅故址，志图恢复，重修大雄宝殿于旧基。万历三十八年（1610），中天正圆不顾年已六十，毅然前往北京，奏请朝廷御赐龙藏。多方求告，历苦万状，未遂其志，于同年五月十六日，圆寂于长荣茶庵。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px;">中天圆寂后，两位徒孙鉴源兴寿、镜源兴慈继承祖志，入京继续请藏。万历四十二年（1614）秋，终得邑人、内阁首辅叶向高之助，蒙神宗皇帝御赐藏经687函，并敕赐“万福禅寺”匾额，“煊赫天章，照耀岩谷；万里海邦，莫不骇瞩”。神宗赐藏，使得福清黄檗山由普通的地方寺院升格为皇室保护的寺院，奠定了此后复兴发展的基础。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px;">明末清初，被誉为“临济东南三老”的密云、费隐、隐元相继主持黄檗山，使其再度名动大江南北，驻寺僧众常逾千人。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px;">真正让黄檗山名扬海内外的，主要借助两位高僧行化之功。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px;">一个是唐代的希运禅师。他自幼出家黄檗，后至江西等地参禅悟道，出于对家乡黄檗山的钟爱，将所住洪州高安县鸶峰山道场仍以黄檗名，开创了第二座“黄檗山”。希运往来学众云集，其法嗣有临济义玄、睦州陈道明等十二人，以义玄为最。义玄承旨开创“临济宗”，如今枝叶遍及十方，世有“临（济）天下，曹（洞）半边”之说。</span></p><section style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; text-indent: 0em; text-align: center; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px;"></span></section><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px;">另一位则是明末清初东渡日本弘扬佛法的隐元禅师。他处处谦称自己为“黄檗子孙”，念念不忘广大祖业家风，在日本京都宇治，依照家乡黄檗山的模式，开创了第三座“黄檗山”。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"/></span></p><hr style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; border-style: solid; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); transform-origin: 0px 0px; transform: scale(1, 0.5); box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"/><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 0em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px;">作者：释悲昇，节选自《中日黄檗源流考》</span></p></section><p></p><p><br/></p><link rel="stylesheet" href="//www.fqlook.cn/source/plugin/wcn_editor/public/wcn_editor_fit.css?v134_eLv" id="wcn_editor_css"/> 了解历史，提升自己 源远流长的黄檗文化 众多原本名不见经传的山川，籍“山因寺名，寺因僧显”，一跃成为华夏名山、佛教圣地。 这个寺庙很有文化气息 历史文化博大精深 众多原本名不见经传的山川，籍“山因寺名，寺因僧显”，一跃成为华夏名山、佛教圣地。 很悠久的历史。
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