福清一半海为田
<!----><style type="text/css">html{font-size:375%}</style><link href="https://pic.app.fqlook.com/static/publish/css/style.css?v=1605251010499" rel="stylesheet" position="1" data-qf-origin="/static/publish/css/style.css?v=1605251010499"><!-- 付费贴--> <div class="preview_article "> <!----> <p class="empty_paragraph"> </p><p class="qf_image big noneditable" contenteditable="false"><img src="https://pic.app.fqlook.com/forum/20230125121336front1_0_155891_Fq-0kcWKBJHJAtpH_IpEo8lrZhWI.jpg?watermark/3/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9waWMuYXBwLmZxbG9vay5jb20vYWRtaW5fRnYyNzVpbW1Hd0xnX0dTQ29mTWFoR3VkOHBiRC5wbmc=/dissolve/100/gravity/South/dx/10/dy/65/text/QOaZtOWkqTc4MA==/fontsize/400/dissolve/100/gravity/South/fill/I2E4YThhOA==/font/5b6u6L2v6ZuF6buR/dx/10/dy/35" alt="" width="552" height="322" data-qf-origin="forum/20230125121336front1_0_155891_Fq-0kcWKBJHJAtpH_IpEo8lrZhWI.jpg?watermark/3/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9waWMuYXBwLmZxbG9vay5jb20vYWRtaW5fRnYyNzVpbW1Hd0xnX0dTQ29mTWFoR3VkOHBiRC5wbmc=/dissolve/100/gravity/South/dx/10/dy/65/text/QOaZtOWkqTc4MA==/fontsize/400/dissolve/100/gravity/South/fill/I2E4YThhOA==/font/5b6u6L2v6ZuF6buR/dx/10/dy/35" /></p><p>十五年前，在福清海口镇后塘村，发现了一块南宋时期的墓碑。虽然碑身略有残缺，但从碑文可知，此碑是南宋理学家林希逸为其先师陈藻所立。陈藻虽终生布衣，但在乾隆《福州府志》和《福清县志》均有小传，其著作由林希逸编成《乐轩集》，刘克庄作序，收入《四库全书》。《宋史》卷四十五记载，陈藻卒年七十五。林希逸敬师如父，宋景定四年（1263年），他向朝廷奏请，荐其贤，由朝廷追授陈藻“功迪郎”，赐谥“文远”。</p><p> </p><p>-“城山三先生”之陈藻-</p><p class="qf_image big noneditable" contenteditable="false"><img src="https://pic.app.fqlook.com/forum/20230125121354front1_0_155891_FrDdMCq7uAFgh17-IpqnTl_ou2cX.jpg?watermark/3/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9waWMuYXBwLmZxbG9vay5jb20vYWRtaW5fRnYyNzVpbW1Hd0xnX0dTQ29mTWFoR3VkOHBiRC5wbmc=/dissolve/100/gravity/South/dx/10/dy/65/text/QOaZtOWkqTc4MA==/fontsize/400/dissolve/100/gravity/South/fill/I2E4YThhOA==/font/5b6u6L2v6ZuF6buR/dx/10/dy/35" alt="" width="374" height="758" data-qf-origin="forum/20230125121354front1_0_155891_FrDdMCq7uAFgh17-IpqnTl_ou2cX.jpg?watermark/3/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9waWMuYXBwLmZxbG9vay5jb20vYWRtaW5fRnYyNzVpbW1Hd0xnX0dTQ29mTWFoR3VkOHBiRC5wbmc=/dissolve/100/gravity/South/dx/10/dy/65/text/QOaZtOWkqTc4MA==/fontsize/400/dissolve/100/gravity/South/fill/I2E4YThhOA==/font/5b6u6L2v6ZuF6buR/dx/10/dy/35" /></p><p>福建莆田的名胜，有二十四景之说，其中的“穀城梅雪”，位于黄石镇七境村，这里古称“城山”，传说这里是由巨型蜘蛛结网如圆城，所以叫“城山”。城山下有国清塘，塘中有濯缨亭，年轻时的朱熹游学莆田，追随著名理学家林光朝至城山国清塘濯缨亭聆听其讲学，写下《观书有感二首》：</p><p> </p><p>其一</p><p>半亩方塘一鉴开，天光云影共徘徊。</p><p>问渠那得清如许？为有源头活水来。</p><p>其二</p><p>昨夜江边春水生，艨艟巨舰一毛轻。</p><p>向来枉费推移力，此日中流自在行。</p><p class="qf_image big noneditable" contenteditable="false"><img src="https://pic.app.fqlook.com/forum/20230125121432front1_0_155891_Fr8o7HTa1zOJqTdwEnzToISDw6rx.jpg?watermark/3/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9waWMuYXBwLmZxbG9vay5jb20vYWRtaW5fRnYyNzVpbW1Hd0xnX0dTQ29mTWFoR3VkOHBiRC5wbmc=/dissolve/100/gravity/South/dx/10/dy/65/text/QOaZtOWkqTc4MA==/fontsize/400/dissolve/100/gravity/South/fill/I2E4YThhOA==/font/5b6u6L2v6ZuF6buR/dx/10/dy/35" alt="" width="553" height="369" data-qf-origin="forum/20230125121432front1_0_155891_Fr8o7HTa1zOJqTdwEnzToISDw6rx.jpg?watermark/3/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9waWMuYXBwLmZxbG9vay5jb20vYWRtaW5fRnYyNzVpbW1Hd0xnX0dTQ29mTWFoR3VkOHBiRC5wbmc=/dissolve/100/gravity/South/dx/10/dy/65/text/QOaZtOWkqTc4MA==/fontsize/400/dissolve/100/gravity/South/fill/I2E4YThhOA==/font/5b6u6L2v6ZuF6buR/dx/10/dy/35" /></p><p>这两首诗，成为千古流传的名诗名句，也是赞美读书生活的最好写照。五十多年后，南宋文坛领袖刘克庄站在城山之巅，俯瞰朱熹笔下的半亩方塘，水光山色，平畴沃野，清泉茂树，一时横卧眼前，写下《兴化军城山三先生祠堂记》。</p><p> </p><p>谁是“城山三先生”？第一位就是朱熹尊之为师的林光朝，莆田人，号艾轩，人称“南夫子”。林光朝是福清人“一拂先生”郑侠的女婿，曾在城山“松隐精舍”和福清海口“龙山书院”讲学，前后达二、三十年之久。</p><p> </p><p>第二位是林光朝的大弟子林亦之，福清人，人称“网山先生”。刘克庄对他推崇有加，说林亦之文章高妙处超过《檀弓》和《穀梁》，平凡之处也可与韩愈并驾齐驱。</p><p> </p><p>第三位是林亦之的学生陈藻，福清人，南宋经学家、文学家。林光朝、林亦之、陈藻师徒三代，被刘克庄并称为“城山三先生”。（见刘克庄《后村先生大全集》卷九十《城山三先生祠记》）。</p><p class="qf_image big noneditable" contenteditable="false"><img src="https://pic.app.fqlook.com/forum/20230125121501front1_0_155891_Fn9fYftY2On8NnDlDGVfMEroZUbk.jpg?watermark/3/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9waWMuYXBwLmZxbG9vay5jb20vYWRtaW5fRnYyNzVpbW1Hd0xnX0dTQ29mTWFoR3VkOHBiRC5wbmc=/dissolve/100/gravity/South/dx/10/dy/65/text/QOaZtOWkqTc4MA==/fontsize/400/dissolve/100/gravity/South/fill/I2E4YThhOA==/font/5b6u6L2v6ZuF6buR/dx/10/dy/35" alt="" width="553" height="557" data-qf-origin="forum/20230125121501front1_0_155891_Fn9fYftY2On8NnDlDGVfMEroZUbk.jpg?watermark/3/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9waWMuYXBwLmZxbG9vay5jb20vYWRtaW5fRnYyNzVpbW1Hd0xnX0dTQ29mTWFoR3VkOHBiRC5wbmc=/dissolve/100/gravity/South/dx/10/dy/65/text/QOaZtOWkqTc4MA==/fontsize/400/dissolve/100/gravity/South/fill/I2E4YThhOA==/font/5b6u6L2v6ZuF6buR/dx/10/dy/35" /></p><p>-黄檗参禅者陈藻-</p><p class="qf_image big noneditable" contenteditable="false"><img src="https://pic.app.fqlook.com/forum/20230125121511front1_0_155891_FlK1J5JlnOs1t7xZbvpeiQlRb5sY.jpg?watermark/3/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9waWMuYXBwLmZxbG9vay5jb20vYWRtaW5fRnYyNzVpbW1Hd0xnX0dTQ29mTWFoR3VkOHBiRC5wbmc=/dissolve/100/gravity/South/dx/10/dy/65/text/QOaZtOWkqTc4MA==/fontsize/400/dissolve/100/gravity/South/fill/I2E4YThhOA==/font/5b6u6L2v6ZuF6buR/dx/10/dy/35" alt="" width="554" height="791" data-qf-origin="forum/20230125121511front1_0_155891_FlK1J5JlnOs1t7xZbvpeiQlRb5sY.jpg?watermark/3/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9waWMuYXBwLmZxbG9vay5jb20vYWRtaW5fRnYyNzVpbW1Hd0xnX0dTQ29mTWFoR3VkOHBiRC5wbmc=/dissolve/100/gravity/South/dx/10/dy/65/text/QOaZtOWkqTc4MA==/fontsize/400/dissolve/100/gravity/South/fill/I2E4YThhOA==/font/5b6u6L2v6ZuF6buR/dx/10/dy/35" /></p><p>陈藻一生多次参加科举均未中第，这不是陈藻的学问不行，而是当时的“庆元党禁”所致。南宋宁宗时期，是韩侂胄当政，这人排除异己，禁毁理学书籍，凡是科举考试稍微涉及到义理之学者，一律不予录取。而陈藻作为伊洛学派传人，次次落榜就不足为怪了。陈藻心不甘，在六十多岁的时候，仍然执着地又一次参加科举考试，并写下一首《甲子应举》，回顾自己四十年屡试不第的经历和悲凉心境，发出“也知枯木春稀到，却想寒灰火复燃”的感慨。</p><p> </p><p>陈藻还写有一首《悼网山》，追思他的恩师、“网山先生”林亦之：</p><p> </p><p>福清一半海为田，创邑今垂五百年。</p><p>伧蛮世革儒风起，西塘生在网山前。</p><p>介夫凛凛松筠操，月鱼识解文章到。</p><p>黄檗休夸十二峰，乌窠白屿空餐过。</p><p> </p><p>在这首诗里，陈藻说出了福清“创邑五百年”的悠久历史，以及作为海滨之乡水多地少的现实，提到了福清人引以为傲的“西塘”先生郑侠。在诗的最后，又以“黄檗十二峰”收尾，可见陈藻对于黄檗古道场的赞叹和心许。</p><p class="qf_image big noneditable" contenteditable="false"><img src="https://pic.app.fqlook.com/forum/20230125121548front1_0_155891_Fl3ubw4honA8P53or2Lmxe6fYbYg.jpg?watermark/3/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9waWMuYXBwLmZxbG9vay5jb20vYWRtaW5fRnYyNzVpbW1Hd0xnX0dTQ29mTWFoR3VkOHBiRC5wbmc=/dissolve/100/gravity/South/dx/10/dy/65/text/QOaZtOWkqTc4MA==/fontsize/400/dissolve/100/gravity/South/fill/I2E4YThhOA==/font/5b6u6L2v6ZuF6buR/dx/10/dy/35" alt="" width="554" height="311" data-qf-origin="forum/20230125121548front1_0_155891_Fl3ubw4honA8P53or2Lmxe6fYbYg.jpg?watermark/3/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9waWMuYXBwLmZxbG9vay5jb20vYWRtaW5fRnYyNzVpbW1Hd0xnX0dTQ29mTWFoR3VkOHBiRC5wbmc=/dissolve/100/gravity/South/dx/10/dy/65/text/QOaZtOWkqTc4MA==/fontsize/400/dissolve/100/gravity/South/fill/I2E4YThhOA==/font/5b6u6L2v6ZuF6buR/dx/10/dy/35" /></p><p>福建省黄檗禅文化研究院副院长</p><p>白撞雨</p><p>高山</p> <!----></div> 福清一半海为田 {:5_270:}{:5_270:}{:5_270:}{:5_270:}{:5_270:}{:5_270:} 福清“创邑五百年”的悠久历史 这图好有价值啊！ {:5_248:}{:5_248:}{:5_248:} {:5_270:}{:5_270:}{:5_270:}{:5_270:} {:5_240:}{:5_240:}{:5_240:}{:5_240:}{:5_240:}{:5_240:}{:5_240:} 好好好！！！！！！
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