南宋进士敖陶孙得罪宰相逃匿福清，终成著名学者
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outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; visibility: visible;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible;"><section data-support="96编辑器" data-style-id="25722" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; letter-spacing: 0.544px; visibility: visible;"><section style="margin: 10px 5px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 240, 229); box-shadow: rgb(126, 126, 126) 0px 0px 5px; border-radius: 8px; visibility: visible;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 15px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; background-image: url(https://www.fqlook.cn/plugin.php?id=wcn_editor:wx_img&url=https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/Ljib4So7yuWgD77PaAMxwibfhZElPI8KNDUOrMV7zJ8mdzKZwnia9OY970u99UYmA8ndIqZDAZMqQRZrWOErIbWdQ/640?wx_fmt=gif); background-position: 100% 100%; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-size: 100%; border-radius: 8px; visibility: visible;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; text-indent: 2em; visibility: visible;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(0, 82, 255); visibility: visible;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">敖陶孙（</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">1154</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">～</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">1227</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">）</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">，</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">字器之，号臞翁，一号臞庵。南宋<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">福清东塘</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">（</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">今龙山街道</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">瑞亭村</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">）<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">人</span></span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">。因得罪宰相韩侂胄，被迫逃亡福清。经过刻苦努力，终成</span>著名学者、诗人兼诗论家。</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></span></span></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><p></p><section style="margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section><section style="margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> 宋淳熙七年（1180年），敖陶孙乡荐第一，“律赋传海内为式”“钜家名族卒虚讲席竞迎致”，不久“入太学”。宗庆元五年（1199年）考中进士。历任海门主簿、漳州教授、广东转运司、平海节度判官、温陵佥判，后转奉议郎，赐绯鱼袋，主管莘州西岳庙。卒葬福清永东里东皋山。</section><section style="margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section><section style="margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> 敖陶孙祖上是江西人。宁宗年间，理学家朱熹被朝廷贬谪。敖陶孙尊重朱熹的学问，有一次去探望他，并赠诗表达心迹，不想得罪了宰相韩侂胄。韩侂胄四处捉拿敖陶孙，敖陶孙不得不化名走上逃亡之路，最后隐居福清东塘。韩侂胄死后，敖陶孙恢复姓名。明洪武年间，其后裔建敖氏宗祠于东塘，尊称敖陶孙为始祖。敖氏后裔分迁福清海口、龙江、音西、宏路，以及江西新喻等地。</section><p></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></p><p></p><section style="margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> 敖氏在早期历史上表现得比较沉寂，直到宁宗时，才因敖陶孙而名满天下。史载，敖陶孙“少倜傥有大志气，为文援笔立就”。他“内负摩云冲斗之气，而外自蟠屈寝趋平夷然。长身庞眉、轩昂惊俗……知者以为质，不知者以为亢”。敖陶孙是一位志向远大、人格高尚的人，“胸蟠二万卷，笔落五千言”。据记载，他“奉亲孝，拊弟有恩意。娶昆山沈氏，夫妇相敬如宾。室无妾媵，躬执炊爨，其清苦如此，晚稍有俸钱，即出故山筑宅一区，买田百亩……”晚年深居，谢绝宾客，惟与同乡林公遇、连江李韶、莆田刘克庄相过从。</section><p></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></p><p></p><section style="margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> 敖陶孙以诗闻名于世，后人对其多有研究。阿敖陶孙的诗多为古体，往往放意而行，风格雄浑深厚。如《秋日杂兴》：“阵云起西北，中原暗黄尘。岂无康时算，无路不得陈。书发亦过计，夜夜占天文。匣剑似识时，中宵哑然鸣。我亦发悲歌，沾衣涕纵横。”如《寄福清翅山舅陈梦寔》：“路岐引人不作长，野梅官柳野风光。看山看水入诗眼，岁月不觉须眉苍。请从丈人开肺肠，身非石人忘故乡。五年江湖枕书睡，梦随南云落翁堂……”其他如《中夜叹》《一日复一日》等，忧国伤时、激奋之情溢于言表。</section><section style="margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section><section style="margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> 敖陶孙擅长诗评，其《臞翁诗评》用象征手法，形象地说明魏晋唐宋诗人风格，很受后人推崇，如“魏武帝如幽燕老将，气韵沉雄；曹子建如三河少年，风流自赏”等，鉴裁精致、造语隽妙。著有《江湖集》《江湖后集》《臞翁诗集》《臞翁诗评》《知不足斋丛书》等。</section><p></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></p><p>来源：文化福清</p><link rel="stylesheet" href="//www.fqlook.cn/source/plugin/wcn_editor/public/wcn_editor_fit.css?v134_nJv" id="wcn_editor_css"/> 玉融，卧虎藏龙之地耶！
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