福清方伯坊记略
<section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: center; justify-content: center; display: flex; flex-flow: row nowrap; visibility: visible;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 26px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; display: inline-block; width: 549.414px; vertical-align: top; align-self: flex-start; flex: 0 0 auto; border-style: solid; border-width: 2px; border-color: rgb(141, 162, 161); height: auto; visibility: visible;"><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: justify; visibility: visible;"><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; visibility: visible;">《礼记·王制》载：“天子百里之内以共官，千里之内以为御。千里之外，设方伯。”天子在所分封的诸侯国中，委任王室功臣、懿亲为诸侯之长，代表王室镇抚一方，称为“方伯”。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; visibility: visible;">殷周时代，方伯为一方诸侯之长，后泛称地方长官，比如汉代以来的刺史，唐代的采访使、观察使。到了明朝，方伯用作对布政使的尊称。明洪武九年（1376）废除行中书省，设布政使司，由左、右布政使（官二品或从二品）共同负责省级行政、财政等事务。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible;"/></p></section><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="margin: 0px 0px -30px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: left; justify-content: flex-start; transform: translate3d(-31px, 0px, 0px); visibility: visible;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; display: inline-block; width: 63px; height: 63px; vertical-align: top; overflow: hidden; background-image: linear-gradient(to right top, rgb(141, 162, 162) 36%, rgba(141, 162, 162, 0) 36%); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px 0px 5px 5px; border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62) rgb(62, 62, 62) rgb(141, 162, 161) rgb(141, 162, 161); visibility: visible;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="float: left; line-height: 0; width: 0px; vertical-align: top; visibility: visible;"></svg></section></section></section></section></section></section><p></p><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="margin-top: 8px; margin-bottom: 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 0em; text-align: center; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; visibility: visible;">旧时，在福清县政府大院前有一段“麒麟墙”，墙的南面，是一条长不及百步向下斜的通道，用石板铺成坎坷不平的路面，称为“县坪亻”，或叫“县府前”。路的中段，原来建有一座东西向横跨路面的石坊，世称“方伯坊”。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; visibility: visible;">福清方伯坊规模不大，系白色和绿豆色花岗岩相间的建筑。石坊呈三层四柱三门，飞檐翘脊，雕刻精美，古色古香，颇为壮观。上层阴刻篆文“圣旨”两字，中层阴刻楷书“方伯”两字，书法苍劲挺拔，径约一尺。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; visibility: visible;">这座石坊旌表的主人是魏体明，官至四川左布政使。1935年，时任国民政府福清县长毛应章每天从坊门进进出出，心里不高兴，就以“妨碍交通”为借口，把方伯坊强行拆毁，留下历史憾事。时过八十余年，当今高龄老者见过县衙门前此坊的应该不少，但能知道何时何人所建者寥寥，而为何要建于此地更鲜为人知。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 8px; margin-bottom: 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 0em; text-align: center; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px;"></span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px;">据清乾隆版《福清县志》卷三“坊表”条载，“方伯坊，在邑治前，为四川左布政使魏体明立”。卷九“进士”条载，“魏体明，用晦，四川左布政使，见‘风概传’”。卷十三“风概传”条载：“魏体明，字用晦，后瀛人，嘉靖乙丑进士，初授吴令……始转滇右辖，既而迁蜀左辖……”</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px;">据传说，魏体明（1523-1591），原名不详，福清后瀛（今福清市东瀚镇后营村）人，少有大志，家贫而聪颖好学，塾师甚爱之。一日魏生上学前，刚换上干净衣裤，帮母亲挑水时，突被骤雨淋湿衣裤，再无衣裤更换，只得穿着半湿的裤子，而赤着上身到书斋念书。塾师见魏生举止有异，责问其读圣贤之书，为何赤身上学，成何体统。魏生遵礼起立，如实禀告，继之说我虽赤身，但心田光明磊落，孝敬父母，尊敬师长，从来不做亏心之事，上可昭苍天日月，下可对万世师表。塾师见魏生出语惊人，且怜其贫寒而志气不衰，勤奋苦读，学业优异，夸其他日必成大器，故将其名改为“体明”。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px;">因为天灾人祸，某年魏体明之父拖欠了少许国课钱粮，县官不分青红皂白，派差役将其拘到县堂，重责二十大板。经历此事后，魏体明立志发奋苦读，立誓有朝一日如能做高官，定将石坊竖在福清县坪亻，让世代官员都要下轿从坊下步行进出。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 8px; margin-bottom: 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 0em; text-align: center; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px;"></span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px;">果然皇天不负苦心人，明嘉靖四十四年（1565），魏体明高中进士，初授江苏吴山县令，兴利除弊，甚得民心。后历任兵、刑、工三部给事中和江西副使兼九江兵备道、山东右参政、云南按察使，为官清正，所到之处有口皆碑。万历十一年（1583）擢升四川左布政使，筑堤疏水，奖励垦植，民众感戴，士民恭从，蜀中振兴。数年后，因年事渐高，魏体明请辞告老还乡，建“方伯第”于福清城关宦（横）街。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px;">崇祯元年（1628），魏体明长孙、庠生魏汝振向朝廷奏请，为其已逝世的祖父树坊纪念。崇祯皇帝为褒扬这位爱民如子、嫉恶如仇的忠直朝臣，准奏下旨为魏体明赐建牌坊，并取名“方伯坊”。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px;">非常凑巧的是，在此前一年的天启七年（1627）农历八月，曾三朝入阁、两度首辅的叶向高病逝。魏家后人在筹建县坪亻石坊时，叶向高长孙叶益蕃等人也为纪念叶向高两度入阁主政，也准备在县坪亻竖立“黄阁重纶”坊。叶氏以叶向高官衔高（官居一品）为由，但魏府却成竹在胸，声称魏体明曾暂代塾师一日，批改过叶向高的作业，堪称“一日之师”，要求叶府退让。所幸叶氏不愧为书香后代，通情达理，主动谦让，使魏府得以如愿以偿。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px;">崇祯元年（1628），方伯坊开建。但因为整体建筑不高，县坊门顶上竖着一块刻有“圣旨”二字的石匾，这样不论县衙里的县官出衙，还是省府官员前来福清公干，所有官吏都必须下马从坊门进出。惜该坊今已不存。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 8px; margin-bottom: 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 0em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px;">同年，叶向高后人也向朝廷请求“准照例与祭九坛”并获得崇祯皇帝恩准的同时，在融城南门外利桥建成一座黄阁重纶坊。石坊仿阁楼式重檐歇山顶，高10 米，宽11 米，进深3米，精雕细镂，堂皇壮观，现为福清最大保存最完整的石坊，1985年10月列为福建省第二批重点文物保护单位。</span></p><hr style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; border-style: solid; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); transform-origin: 0px 0px; transform: scale(1, 0.5);"/><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 0em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px;">作者：余长泓</span></p></section><p></p><p><br/></p><link rel="stylesheet" href="//www.fqlook.cn/source/plugin/wcn_editor/public/wcn_editor_fit.css?v134_JRZ" id="wcn_editor_css"/> 真可惜现在看不到这牌坊 长见识了，原来黄阁重纶牌坊和方伯坊也有这么出牌坊之争… 研读历史真是一件很有意思的事 点赞…………… 研读历史真是一件很有意思的事 历史人物，值得大家去学习 造化弄人，谦让坊存 {:5_270:} 研读历史真是一件很有意思的事
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