黄河千里血 点点尽忠心———隐元禅师六挽黄道周
<!----><style type="text/css">html{font-size:375%}</style><link href="https://pic.app.fqlook.com/static/publish/css/style.css?v=1605251010503" rel="stylesheet" position="1" data-qf-origin="/static/publish/css/style.css?v=1605251010503"><!-- 付费贴--> <div class="preview_article "> <!----> <p class="empty_paragraph"> </p><p class="qf_image big noneditable" contenteditable="false"><img src="https://pic.app.fqlook.com/forum/20240405160652front2_0_153532_FgI-pvlLVQM3t-EoYk-SMrw0q3o8.png?watermark/3/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9waWMuYXBwLmZxbG9vay5jb20vYWRtaW5fRnYyNzVpbW1Hd0xnX0dTQ29mTWFoR3VkOHBiRC5wbmc=/dissolve/100/gravity/South/dx/10/dy/65/text/QOaipuaDs-S9leWFiOeUnw==/fontsize/400/dissolve/100/gravity/South/fill/I2E4YThhOA==/font/5b6u6L2v6ZuF6buR/dx/10/dy/35" alt="" width="554" height="416" data-qf-origin="forum/20240405160652front2_0_153532_FgI-pvlLVQM3t-EoYk-SMrw0q3o8.png?watermark/3/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9waWMuYXBwLmZxbG9vay5jb20vYWRtaW5fRnYyNzVpbW1Hd0xnX0dTQ29mTWFoR3VkOHBiRC5wbmc=/dissolve/100/gravity/South/dx/10/dy/65/text/QOaipuaDs-S9leWFiOeUnw==/fontsize/400/dissolve/100/gravity/South/fill/I2E4YThhOA==/font/5b6u6L2v6ZuF6buR/dx/10/dy/35" /></p><p>从福清黄檗山，来到漳浦县北山。黄道周书画院长林仲文先生带我们来到黄道周讲学处，这里不远的地方，就是平面呈“凤”字形的黄道周与夫人蔡玉卿的合葬墓。</p><p style="font-weight: 400;" data-style="max-inline-size: 100%; cursor: text; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); caret-color: rgb(255, 0, 0); background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.05); font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"> </p><p style="font-weight: 400;" data-style="text-align: justify; max-inline-size: 100%; cursor: text; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); caret-color: rgb(255, 0, 0); background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.05); font-size: 16px; line-height: 2em; font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">墓碑上镌刻着长达六十六个字的碑名——“明赐进士光禄大夫柱国少保兼太子太师、吏、兵二部尚书、武英殿大学士前詹事府经筵讲官，赠文明伯，谥忠端黄石斋先生暨配诰封正一品夫人谥考徽蔡氏之佳城。”墓侧是黄道周门人兵部职方司毛玄水、赵渊卿，中书舍人赖敬儒、蔡时培合葬的“四君子墓”，墓碑写“殉节门人四君子之墓”。康熙二十九年（1690年）秋天，由黄道周弟弟黄子平立碑。</p><p class="qf_image big noneditable" contenteditable="false"><img src="https://pic.app.fqlook.com/forum/20240405160717front2_0_153532_FoYNzGGMwoOfRWcq11p8mWlmFLlp.png?watermark/3/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9waWMuYXBwLmZxbG9vay5jb20vYWRtaW5fRnYyNzVpbW1Hd0xnX0dTQ29mTWFoR3VkOHBiRC5wbmc=/dissolve/100/gravity/South/dx/10/dy/65/text/QOaipuaDs-S9leWFiOeUnw==/fontsize/400/dissolve/100/gravity/South/fill/I2E4YThhOA==/font/5b6u6L2v6ZuF6buR/dx/10/dy/35" alt="" width="553" height="654" data-qf-origin="forum/20240405160717front2_0_153532_FoYNzGGMwoOfRWcq11p8mWlmFLlp.png?watermark/3/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9waWMuYXBwLmZxbG9vay5jb20vYWRtaW5fRnYyNzVpbW1Hd0xnX0dTQ29mTWFoR3VkOHBiRC5wbmc=/dissolve/100/gravity/South/dx/10/dy/65/text/QOaipuaDs-S9leWFiOeUnw==/fontsize/400/dissolve/100/gravity/South/fill/I2E4YThhOA==/font/5b6u6L2v6ZuF6buR/dx/10/dy/35" /></p><p style="font-weight: 400;" data-style="text-align: center; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 16px; white-space: pre-wrap;">忠义千秋黄道周</p><p style="font-weight: 400;" data-style="text-align: justify; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 16px; white-space: pre-wrap;"> </p><p style="font-weight: 400;" data-style="text-align: justify; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 16px; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 2em;">黄道周（1585—1646年），号石斋，福建漳浦人。明代著名理学家、书法家、文学家、教育家，精研天文历法与易学。黄道周是抗清复明的英雄，抗清失败后被俘。黄道周在牢里一下子写了300多首诗，诗情忧愤，感人至深。临刑前，他咬破手指，写下血书：“纲常万古，节义千秋。天地知我，家人无忧”，这首绝命诗，今天读来，依然令人泪目。清末时期，一个四川的私塾，把这首诗收入幼儿启蒙教材。黄道周被称为“旷世伟人，全闽师表”。</p><p style="font-weight: 400;" data-style="text-align: justify; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 16px; white-space: pre-wrap;"> </p><p style="font-weight: 400;" data-style="text-align: justify; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 16px; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 2em;">隆武二年（1646）三月初五，黄道周被清兵杀于南京。这一死讯传到南明绍武皇帝的首都福京，就是今天的福州，绍武帝震惊之下，停止临朝以示哀悼，特赐谥“忠烈”，赠文明伯，并令在福州为黄道周立“闵忠”庙，树“中兴大功”坊；另在漳浦立“报忠”庙，树“中兴荩辅”坊，春秋祭奠。</p><p style="font-weight: 400;" data-style="text-align: justify; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 16px; white-space: pre-wrap;"> </p><p style="font-weight: 400;" data-style="text-align: justify; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 16px; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 2em;">黄道周并不算多大的高官，但是获得了大名。自古靠道德文章获得功名利禄的人很多，但是能够始终不渝，做到知行合一的人毕竟不多。129年后的乾隆四十年，喜欢臧否历史人物，而且是个毒舌，历史上很多牛人他都瞧不起的乾隆皇帝，罕见地这样评价一个反清的明朝人黄道周：“立朝守正，风节凛然，其奏议慷慨极言，忠义溢于简牍；卒之以身殉国，不愧一代完人。”一年后，乾隆皇帝追谥黄道周“忠端”之号。</p><p style="font-weight: 400;" data-style="text-align: justify; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 16px; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 2em;"> </p><p style="font-weight: 400;" data-style="text-align: justify; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 16px; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 2em;">隐元禅师哀挽黄道周</p><p class="qf_image big noneditable" contenteditable="false"><img src="https://pic.app.fqlook.com/forum/20240405160806front2_0_153532_FpSP5Y8Q4qOKuTiGwz3SODwgstyR.png?watermark/3/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9waWMuYXBwLmZxbG9vay5jb20vYWRtaW5fRnYyNzVpbW1Hd0xnX0dTQ29mTWFoR3VkOHBiRC5wbmc=/dissolve/100/gravity/South/dx/10/dy/65/text/QOaipuaDs-S9leWFiOeUnw==/fontsize/400/dissolve/100/gravity/South/fill/I2E4YThhOA==/font/5b6u6L2v6ZuF6buR/dx/10/dy/35" alt="" width="552" height="725" data-qf-origin="forum/20240405160806front2_0_153532_FpSP5Y8Q4qOKuTiGwz3SODwgstyR.png?watermark/3/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9waWMuYXBwLmZxbG9vay5jb20vYWRtaW5fRnYyNzVpbW1Hd0xnX0dTQ29mTWFoR3VkOHBiRC5wbmc=/dissolve/100/gravity/South/dx/10/dy/65/text/QOaipuaDs-S9leWFiOeUnw==/fontsize/400/dissolve/100/gravity/South/fill/I2E4YThhOA==/font/5b6u6L2v6ZuF6buR/dx/10/dy/35" /></p><p style="font-weight: 400;" data-style="text-align: justify; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 16px; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 2em;">隐元禅师与黄道周是俗世之交，早已暗自敬佩黄道周的学识品德。黄道周如今壮志未酬，含着怨恨而离世，隐元禅师怅然叹息，心中充满悲愤，提笔书写《次石斋黄老先生殉节韵》四首诗偈，表达心中的悼念：</p><p style="font-weight: 400;" data-style="text-align: justify; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 16px; white-space: pre-wrap;"> </p><p style="font-weight: 400;" data-style="text-align: center; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 16px; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 2em;">笔舌兼司马，论贤肯让萧。</p><p style="font-weight: 400;" data-style="text-align: center; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 16px; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 2em;">七闽真间气，万里独扶摇。</p><p style="font-weight: 400;" data-style="text-align: center; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 16px; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 2em;">有主终归阙，无臣接断桥。</p><p style="font-weight: 400;" data-style="text-align: center; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 16px; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 2em;">虽然今去也，反复在明朝。</p><p style="font-weight: 400;" data-style="text-align: center; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 16px; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 2em;"> </p><p style="font-weight: 400;" data-style="text-align: center; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 16px; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 2em;">大贤无固必，尽道而亡身。</p><p style="font-weight: 400;" data-style="text-align: center; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 16px; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 2em;">克己曾三省，酬恩有几人。</p><p style="font-weight: 400;" data-style="text-align: center; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 16px; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 2em;">著书寿国脉，掷剑捲波沦。</p><p style="font-weight: 400;" data-style="text-align: center; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 16px; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 2em;">眼底惟君父，冥冥是所亲。</p><p style="font-weight: 400;" data-style="text-align: center; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 16px; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 2em;"> </p><p style="font-weight: 400;" data-style="text-align: center; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 16px; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 2em;">既知豺虎猛，何不入禅关。</p><p style="font-weight: 400;" data-style="text-align: center; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 16px; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 2em;">一性原无别，二毛可尽删。</p><p style="font-weight: 400;" data-style="text-align: center; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 16px; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 2em;">寰中正搅搅，方外独闲闲。</p><p style="font-weight: 400;" data-style="text-align: center; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 16px; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 2em;">且喜成高节，红光落满山。</p><p style="font-weight: 400;" data-style="text-align: center; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 16px; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 2em;"> </p><p style="font-weight: 400;" data-style="text-align: center; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 16px; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 2em;">静里微开眼，聊通贤圣心。</p><p style="font-weight: 400;" data-style="text-align: center; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 16px; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 2em;">空山一夜梦，大地半平沈。</p><p style="font-weight: 400;" data-style="text-align: center; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 16px; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 2em;">浩气浑天象，英风扫麓阴。</p><p style="font-weight: 400;" data-style="text-align: center; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 16px; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 2em;">急闻顾命语，泪咽不成吟。</p><p class="qf_image big noneditable" contenteditable="false"><img src="https://pic.app.fqlook.com/forum/20240405160858front2_0_153532_Ft1lGqSMPhh7majHP9o_HRocw-7q.png?watermark/3/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9waWMuYXBwLmZxbG9vay5jb20vYWRtaW5fRnYyNzVpbW1Hd0xnX0dTQ29mTWFoR3VkOHBiRC5wbmc=/dissolve/100/gravity/South/dx/10/dy/65/text/QOaipuaDs-S9leWFiOeUnw==/fontsize/400/dissolve/100/gravity/South/fill/I2E4YThhOA==/font/5b6u6L2v6ZuF6buR/dx/10/dy/35" alt="" width="553" height="415" data-qf-origin="forum/20240405160858front2_0_153532_Ft1lGqSMPhh7majHP9o_HRocw-7q.png?watermark/3/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9waWMuYXBwLmZxbG9vay5jb20vYWRtaW5fRnYyNzVpbW1Hd0xnX0dTQ29mTWFoR3VkOHBiRC5wbmc=/dissolve/100/gravity/South/dx/10/dy/65/text/QOaipuaDs-S9leWFiOeUnw==/fontsize/400/dissolve/100/gravity/South/fill/I2E4YThhOA==/font/5b6u6L2v6ZuF6buR/dx/10/dy/35" /></p><p style="font-weight: 400;" data-style="text-align: justify; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 16px; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 2em;">隐元禅师字里行间都是发自内心的呼声，流露出无比的悲伤之情，落笔之后，仍然是慷慨激昂，无法克制内心的满腔激愤，又赋诗《怀石斋先生》二首：</p><p style="font-weight: 400;" data-style="text-align: justify; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 16px; white-space: pre-wrap;"> </p><p style="font-weight: 400;" data-style="text-align: center; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 16px; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 2em;">君死成名节，吾生何足云。</p><p style="font-weight: 400;" data-style="text-align: center; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 16px; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 2em;">空岩一滴泪，万壑起愁云。</p><p style="font-weight: 400;" data-style="text-align: center; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 16px; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 2em;"> </p><p style="font-weight: 400;" data-style="text-align: center; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 16px; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 2em;">不必吟枯骨，长愁天地阴。</p><p style="font-weight: 400;" data-style="text-align: center; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 16px; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 2em;">黄河千里血，点点尽忠心。</p><p style="font-weight: 400;" data-style="text-align: justify; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 16px; white-space: pre-wrap;"> </p><p style="font-weight: 400;" data-style="text-align: justify; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 16px; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 2em;">这些诗里，隐元禅师对黄道周充满惋惜和崇敬之情，而且还做出“君死成名节，吾生何足云”这样的慨叹。黄道周的一片忠心万古，与日月争光辉。英勇气节千岁，令鬼神哭泣。虽说隐元禅师“方外独闲闲”，但他忧国忧民，以满腔热血，勇敢面对明朝灭亡的现实。</p><p style="font-weight: 400;" data-style="text-align: justify; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 16px; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 2em;"> </p><p style="font-weight: 400;" data-style="text-align: justify; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 16px; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 2em;">黄道周的"东渡"</p><p class="qf_image big noneditable" contenteditable="false"><img src="https://pic.app.fqlook.com/forum/20240405160920front2_0_153532_FgBq8cHFZH6-P-r7X4CVVX6nvLOE.png?watermark/3/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9waWMuYXBwLmZxbG9vay5jb20vYWRtaW5fRnYyNzVpbW1Hd0xnX0dTQ29mTWFoR3VkOHBiRC5wbmc=/dissolve/100/gravity/South/dx/10/dy/65/text/QOaipuaDs-S9leWFiOeUnw==/fontsize/400/dissolve/100/gravity/South/fill/I2E4YThhOA==/font/5b6u6L2v6ZuF6buR/dx/10/dy/35" alt="" width="553" height="224" data-qf-origin="forum/20240405160920front2_0_153532_FgBq8cHFZH6-P-r7X4CVVX6nvLOE.png?watermark/3/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9waWMuYXBwLmZxbG9vay5jb20vYWRtaW5fRnYyNzVpbW1Hd0xnX0dTQ29mTWFoR3VkOHBiRC5wbmc=/dissolve/100/gravity/South/dx/10/dy/65/text/QOaipuaDs-S9leWFiOeUnw==/fontsize/400/dissolve/100/gravity/South/fill/I2E4YThhOA==/font/5b6u6L2v6ZuF6buR/dx/10/dy/35" /></p><p style="font-weight: 400;" data-style="text-align: justify; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 16px; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 2em;">想当初，崇祯皇帝在北京煤山上吊，近两百年的明朝灭失，黄道周“袒发而哭者三日”。入南明抗清后殉国，留下彪炳千秋的口碑。《明季南略·黄道周志传》认为，黄道周可与文天祥相媲美：“求其取义成仁，磊磊轩天地、旗古今，则必以文信国为止焉。明铜山黄公，后先最并美者矣。”乾隆说黄道周“不愧一代完人”。徐霞客说黄道周“字画为馆阁第一，文章为国朝第一，人品为海内第一，其学问直接周、孔，为古今第一”。</p><p style="font-weight: 400;" data-style="text-align: justify; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 16px; white-space: pre-wrap;"> </p><p style="font-weight: 400;" data-style="text-align: justify; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 16px; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 2em;">从这些评论，我们可以理解隐元禅师笔下，对黄道周以身成仁高洁人格的赞美。黄道周殉节八年后，隐元禅师东渡扶桑。隐元禅师随身带去了一些书法墨迹。书法作品，是抒发自己情感和志向的工具，中也体现了遗民情怀，为了与当时清代书风相异，隐元禅师坚持维护书法传统，同船带去日本的不仅有赵子昂、王铎、董其昌、张瑞图，还带去了不少黄道周书迹以及其他同时代书家的作品，使得明代书风，借黄檗禅僧之手，在日本传播开来。应该说，隐元禅师和黄檗僧人，他们受同时代书家影响很大。隐元禅师的师父费隐通融禅师与王铎是同时代的人，隐元禅师及其弟子木庵禅师等人与傅山、八大山人等人也属同一时代。</p><p style="font-weight: 400;" data-style="text-align: justify; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 16px; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 2em;"> </p><p style="font-weight: 400;" data-style="text-align: justify; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 16px; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 2em;">隐元禅师东渡扶桑，除了与他要远避清朝之外，黄道周、钱肃乐、黄端伯、吴钟峦等死难人士之忠义对他的影响也起了很大作用。</p><p class="qf_image big noneditable" contenteditable="false"><img src="https://pic.app.fqlook.com/forum/20240405161025front2_0_153532_FiQwPwk2JffGeUJ2jSydqKkk4gwR.png?watermark/3/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9waWMuYXBwLmZxbG9vay5jb20vYWRtaW5fRnYyNzVpbW1Hd0xnX0dTQ29mTWFoR3VkOHBiRC5wbmc=/dissolve/100/gravity/South/dx/10/dy/65/text/QOaipuaDs-S9leWFiOeUnw==/fontsize/400/dissolve/100/gravity/South/fill/I2E4YThhOA==/font/5b6u6L2v6ZuF6buR/dx/10/dy/35" alt="" width="553" height="1667" data-qf-origin="forum/20240405161025front2_0_153532_FiQwPwk2JffGeUJ2jSydqKkk4gwR.png?watermark/3/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9waWMuYXBwLmZxbG9vay5jb20vYWRtaW5fRnYyNzVpbW1Hd0xnX0dTQ29mTWFoR3VkOHBiRC5wbmc=/dissolve/100/gravity/South/dx/10/dy/65/text/QOaipuaDs-S9leWFiOeUnw==/fontsize/400/dissolve/100/gravity/South/fill/I2E4YThhOA==/font/5b6u6L2v6ZuF6buR/dx/10/dy/35" /></p><p>撰文:福建省黄檗禅文化研究院副院长</p><p> </p><p>白撞雨</p><p>高山</p><p> </p><p>福清市文化体育和旅游局</p><p>2024-04-05 15:06 福建</p><p> </p><p>编辑：翁秋英</p><p>出品：福清市文化体育和旅游局</p><p>欢迎转载 转载请标明来源出处</p> <!----></div>
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