戚继光在福清的文武往事（上）
<!----><style type="text/css">html{font-size:375%}</style><link href="https://pic.app.fqlook.com/static/publish/css/style.css?v=1605251010499" rel="stylesheet" position="1" data-qf-origin="/static/publish/css/style.css?v=1605251010499"><!-- 付费贴--> <div class="preview_article "> <!----> <p>许多人所不知道的是福清这座城市竟然弥漫着一种“英雄之气”。在黄檗山后山之巅，有民族英雄文天祥的一块题碑，这是青松翠竹间的浩气凛然。但融入寻常百姓生活的，却是当年来自河南固始（光州）的光饼，因又与抗倭英雄戚继光名字相同，大家更愿意认同是他的名字命名，至今仍成为福清人“万物皆可夹”的“口粮”，乡愁的“解药”，这是柴米油盐中的烟火。</p><p class="qf_image big noneditable" contenteditable="false"><img src="https://pic.app.fqlook.com/forum/20230418172136front1_0_155891_FgJ3hDlVH4y_SeP8ZB6XTXKPCE3j.jpg?watermark/3/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9waWMuYXBwLmZxbG9vay5jb20vYWRtaW5fRnYyNzVpbW1Hd0xnX0dTQ29mTWFoR3VkOHBiRC5wbmc=/dissolve/100/gravity/South/dx/10/dy/65/text/QOaZtOWkqTc4MA==/fontsize/400/dissolve/100/gravity/South/fill/I2E4YThhOA==/font/5b6u6L2v6ZuF6buR/dx/10/dy/35" alt="" width="554" height="750" data-qf-origin="forum/20230418172136front1_0_155891_FgJ3hDlVH4y_SeP8ZB6XTXKPCE3j.jpg?watermark/3/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9waWMuYXBwLmZxbG9vay5jb20vYWRtaW5fRnYyNzVpbW1Hd0xnX0dTQ29mTWFoR3VkOHBiRC5wbmc=/dissolve/100/gravity/South/dx/10/dy/65/text/QOaZtOWkqTc4MA==/fontsize/400/dissolve/100/gravity/South/fill/I2E4YThhOA==/font/5b6u6L2v6ZuF6buR/dx/10/dy/35" /></p><p class="empty_paragraph"> </p><p class="qf_image big noneditable" contenteditable="false"><img src="https://pic.app.fqlook.com/forum/20230418172136front1_0_155891_FkxIksWuz-cvxvf7lh7pfdsqrHsr.jpg?watermark/3/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9waWMuYXBwLmZxbG9vay5jb20vYWRtaW5fRnYyNzVpbW1Hd0xnX0dTQ29mTWFoR3VkOHBiRC5wbmc=/dissolve/100/gravity/South/dx/10/dy/65/text/QOaZtOWkqTc4MA==/fontsize/400/dissolve/100/gravity/South/fill/I2E4YThhOA==/font/5b6u6L2v6ZuF6buR/dx/10/dy/35" alt="" width="1080" height="1080" data-qf-origin="forum/20230418172136front1_0_155891_FkxIksWuz-cvxvf7lh7pfdsqrHsr.jpg?watermark/3/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9waWMuYXBwLmZxbG9vay5jb20vYWRtaW5fRnYyNzVpbW1Hd0xnX0dTQ29mTWFoR3VkOHBiRC5wbmc=/dissolve/100/gravity/South/dx/10/dy/65/text/QOaZtOWkqTc4MA==/fontsize/400/dissolve/100/gravity/South/fill/I2E4YThhOA==/font/5b6u6L2v6ZuF6buR/dx/10/dy/35" /></p><p>戚继光初次来福清“封侯非我意，但愿海波平”。这是戚继光任登州卫指挥佥事时，写下的一首五律《韬钤深处》的最后两句。简简单单的十个字，道出的是戚继光心怀天下的青云之志。据《明史》记载：明嘉靖三十六年（1557）至嘉靖四十年（1561年），倭寇主要在浙江一带进犯，戚继光召募金华、义乌一带农民、矿工3000余人，屡败倭寇，“戚家军”名扬天下。</p><p class="qf_image big noneditable" contenteditable="false"><img src="https://pic.app.fqlook.com/forum/20230418172149front1_0_155891_FoYwrCpf1zlxXh4NKFw49NgDl_BD.jpg?watermark/3/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9waWMuYXBwLmZxbG9vay5jb20vYWRtaW5fRnYyNzVpbW1Hd0xnX0dTQ29mTWFoR3VkOHBiRC5wbmc=/dissolve/100/gravity/South/dx/10/dy/65/text/QOaZtOWkqTc4MA==/fontsize/400/dissolve/100/gravity/South/fill/I2E4YThhOA==/font/5b6u6L2v6ZuF6buR/dx/10/dy/35" alt="" width="554" height="321" data-qf-origin="forum/20230418172149front1_0_155891_FoYwrCpf1zlxXh4NKFw49NgDl_BD.jpg?watermark/3/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9waWMuYXBwLmZxbG9vay5jb20vYWRtaW5fRnYyNzVpbW1Hd0xnX0dTQ29mTWFoR3VkOHBiRC5wbmc=/dissolve/100/gravity/South/dx/10/dy/65/text/QOaZtOWkqTc4MA==/fontsize/400/dissolve/100/gravity/South/fill/I2E4YThhOA==/font/5b6u6L2v6ZuF6buR/dx/10/dy/35" /></p><p>嘉靖四十一年（1562），倭寇大举进犯福建。从温州方向来的倭寇，会合福宁、连江的倭寇攻陷寿宁、政和、宁德。自广东南澳来的，则会合福清、长乐诸路倭寇攻陷玄钟千户所，并在宁德东的横屿安下大营。官军不敢贸然攻击，相持一年有余。新到倭寇屯聚福清牛田，倭寇头目驻在兴化，东南相互呼应。福建因此连续告急，胡宗宪调戚继光征讨。来闽后，戚继光首先进攻横屿大营的倭寇。冲锋的士卒每人一捆草，填平壕沟前进。大破敌营，杀倭二千六百余。“戚家军”乘胜追至福清，击败牛田倭寇，并捣毁其营地，倭寇余部逃到兴化。戚继光急速追赶，半夜时分抵达倭寇屯聚之地，连续攻破六十营，杀倭千余。戚继光回师抵达福清时，正遇倭寇从东营澳（今福清龙高半岛东营村）登陆。《明通鉴》记载，嘉靖四十一年（1562），戚继光“旋师抵福清，遇倭自东营澳登陆，击斩二百人”。赴福建援助抗倭的左军将刘显，也屡次击破倭寇，福建倭寇几近灭绝。福建省城官绅在福州于山平远台为戚继光设宴饯别，后人即于平远台旁建祠，名为戚公祠。此后，戚继光返浙。</p><p class="qf_image big noneditable" contenteditable="false"><img src="https://pic.app.fqlook.com/forum/20230418172202front1_0_155891_Ft7WqLmcP4SHv-x9FwCCZycT7CXT.jpg?watermark/3/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9waWMuYXBwLmZxbG9vay5jb20vYWRtaW5fRnYyNzVpbW1Hd0xnX0dTQ29mTWFoR3VkOHBiRC5wbmc=/dissolve/100/gravity/South/dx/10/dy/65/text/QOaZtOWkqTc4MA==/fontsize/400/dissolve/100/gravity/South/fill/I2E4YThhOA==/font/5b6u6L2v6ZuF6buR/dx/10/dy/35" alt="" width="554" height="429" data-qf-origin="forum/20230418172202front1_0_155891_Ft7WqLmcP4SHv-x9FwCCZycT7CXT.jpg?watermark/3/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9waWMuYXBwLmZxbG9vay5jb20vYWRtaW5fRnYyNzVpbW1Hd0xnX0dTQ29mTWFoR3VkOHBiRC5wbmc=/dissolve/100/gravity/South/dx/10/dy/65/text/QOaZtOWkqTc4MA==/fontsize/400/dissolve/100/gravity/South/fill/I2E4YThhOA==/font/5b6u6L2v6ZuF6buR/dx/10/dy/35" /></p><p>戚继光第二次来福清</p><p>等戚继光回到浙江后，新来的倭寇日益增多，并围困兴化（莆田）城达一月之久。破城后副使翁时器、参将毕高逃走，通判奚世亭代理政事，被倭寇杀害，兴化城被焚烧抢劫一空。倭寇在此滞留两月，又攻破平海卫。兴化告急时，皇帝任命俞大猷为福建总兵官，戚继光为副总兵。嘉靖四十二年（1563）四月，戚继光率浙江兵将赶到福建。福建巡抚谭纶命戚继光为中锋，刘显居左，俞大猷居右，合力攻击倭寇于平海。戚继光率先突破，左右军相继跟上，杀死倭寇二千二百人，放还被掠夺的百姓三千人。谭纶向朝廷报功，戚继光功居榜首，刘显、俞大猷次之。嘉靖帝为此在郊庙行告谢之礼，大张旗鼓地给功臣颁奖。戚继光先因平定横屿倭寇之功，升为署理都督佥事，至此又升为都督同知，世代荫庇千户之职，于是取代俞大猷为总兵官。嘉靖四十二年，戚继光二度率兵入闽持续至嘉靖四十四年，这期间曾在福清驻扎，最后彻底解除了东南倭患。为官累迁左都督，加封少保，卒谥武毅。戚继光还著有军事著作《纪效新书》《练兵实纪》及诗文集《止止堂集》等。</p><p class="qf_image big noneditable" contenteditable="false"><img src="https://pic.app.fqlook.com/forum/20230418172226front1_0_155891_Fq8svk1lXl3emjoVduklAnd5WAZY.jpg?watermark/3/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9waWMuYXBwLmZxbG9vay5jb20vYWRtaW5fRnYyNzVpbW1Hd0xnX0dTQ29mTWFoR3VkOHBiRC5wbmc=/dissolve/100/gravity/South/dx/10/dy/65/text/QOaZtOWkqTc4MA==/fontsize/400/dissolve/100/gravity/South/fill/I2E4YThhOA==/font/5b6u6L2v6ZuF6buR/dx/10/dy/35" alt="" width="554" height="416" data-qf-origin="forum/20230418172226front1_0_155891_Fq8svk1lXl3emjoVduklAnd5WAZY.jpg?watermark/3/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9waWMuYXBwLmZxbG9vay5jb20vYWRtaW5fRnYyNzVpbW1Hd0xnX0dTQ29mTWFoR3VkOHBiRC5wbmc=/dissolve/100/gravity/South/dx/10/dy/65/text/QOaZtOWkqTc4MA==/fontsize/400/dissolve/100/gravity/South/fill/I2E4YThhOA==/font/5b6u6L2v6ZuF6buR/dx/10/dy/35" /></p><p><strong>撰文：福建省黄檗禅文化研究院副院长</strong></p><p><strong>白撞雨</strong></p><p><strong>高山</strong></p> <!----></div> 青松翠竹间的浩气凛然！ {:5_270:}{:5_270:}{:5_270:}{:5_270:} 民族英雄戚继光{:5_248:} 看标题就想到光饼了 {:5_248:}{:5_248:}{:5_248:}{:5_248:}{:5_248:}{:5_248:} 是柴米油盐中的烟火。
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