厦门真寂寺的黄檗缘
<!----><style type="text/css">html{font-size:375%}</style><link href="https://pic.app.fqlook.com/static/publish/css/style.css?v=1605251010499" rel="stylesheet" position="1" data-qf-origin="/static/publish/css/style.css?v=1605251010499"><!-- 付费贴--> <div class="preview_article "> <!----> <p>有个“一寺一帝一僧”的神秘传说，把我们吸引到了厦门真寂寺。真寂寺位于厦门西大门——海沧区东孚镇天竺山国家森林公园内，始建于唐玄宗开元年间，原名义安寺。真寂寺依山傍水，天竺山景色秀丽，这里还有神秘动人的传说。古印度被称“天竺”，古人以“天竺”名此山，可见当时佛事之盛。</p><p class="qf_image big noneditable" contenteditable="false"><img src="https://pic.app.fqlook.com/forum/20230402190056front1_0_155891_FrDqXHvO3vZcSY4P8YsaQAMr4XZL.jpg?watermark/3/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9waWMuYXBwLmZxbG9vay5jb20vYWRtaW5fRnYyNzVpbW1Hd0xnX0dTQ29mTWFoR3VkOHBiRC5wbmc=/dissolve/100/gravity/South/dx/10/dy/65/text/QOaZtOWkqTc4MA==/fontsize/400/dissolve/100/gravity/South/fill/I2E4YThhOA==/font/5b6u6L2v6ZuF6buR/dx/10/dy/35" alt="" width="1080" height="718" data-qf-origin="forum/20230402190056front1_0_155891_FrDqXHvO3vZcSY4P8YsaQAMr4XZL.jpg?watermark/3/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9waWMuYXBwLmZxbG9vay5jb20vYWRtaW5fRnYyNzVpbW1Hd0xnX0dTQ29mTWFoR3VkOHBiRC5wbmc=/dissolve/100/gravity/South/dx/10/dy/65/text/QOaZtOWkqTc4MA==/fontsize/400/dissolve/100/gravity/South/fill/I2E4YThhOA==/font/5b6u6L2v6ZuF6buR/dx/10/dy/35" /></p><p>史志与残碑上的记载</p><p class="qf_image big noneditable" contenteditable="false"><img src="https://pic.app.fqlook.com/forum/20230402190106front1_0_155891_FgkSdurkDmiJTAz_IoDTXPjGWOZ-.jpg?watermark/3/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9waWMuYXBwLmZxbG9vay5jb20vYWRtaW5fRnYyNzVpbW1Hd0xnX0dTQ29mTWFoR3VkOHBiRC5wbmc=/dissolve/100/gravity/South/dx/10/dy/65/text/QOaZtOWkqTc4MA==/fontsize/400/dissolve/100/gravity/South/fill/I2E4YThhOA==/font/5b6u6L2v6ZuF6buR/dx/10/dy/35" alt="" width="1080" height="1529" data-qf-origin="forum/20230402190106front1_0_155891_FgkSdurkDmiJTAz_IoDTXPjGWOZ-.jpg?watermark/3/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9waWMuYXBwLmZxbG9vay5jb20vYWRtaW5fRnYyNzVpbW1Hd0xnX0dTQ29mTWFoR3VkOHBiRC5wbmc=/dissolve/100/gravity/South/dx/10/dy/65/text/QOaZtOWkqTc4MA==/fontsize/400/dissolve/100/gravity/South/fill/I2E4YThhOA==/font/5b6u6L2v6ZuF6buR/dx/10/dy/35" /></p><p>相传，在唐中期，黄檗希运禅师在真寂寺坐禅修炼，唐宣宗李忱到此避祸修行三年。据《泉州府志》《同安县志》记载：“真寂寺在安仁十二都夕阳山下（现海沧区天竺山下），初名义安。唐宣宗龙潜时与黄檗禅师观瀑吟诗于此。……五代刺史王延彬重建。”据说，李忱返回长安即位为帝后，即敕封义安寺为“真寂寺”，作为闽南地区由帝王敕封的佛教寺院，十分罕见，由此香火绵延了1200余年。</p><p> </p><p><span class="js_darkmode__text__3">历史上的真寂寺，一千多年来饱经盛衰，屡毁屡建，几起几落。据记载，元至元年间（1335—1340），真寂寺圮废。明洪武二十四年（1391），僧雪峰又复重建。清初又复废坠，乾隆年间（1736—1795）复建，增大殿一层，殿左构小楼一座。民国时期，最后为北洋军阀所毁，仅剩遗址。</span></p><p> </p><p><span class="js_darkmode__text__4">从残留的寺基、石碑上的记载看，当初寺院占地面积颇大，呈上中下三大殿，建筑宏大，僧徒众多。据《同安县志》等史料记载：真寂寺在历史上曾经建筑规模宏伟壮观，气度非凡。其中唐、五代、宋及明、清年间都曾进行过大修。鼎盛时期，这里可容纳上千人同时就餐。</span></p><p> </p><p><span class="js_darkmode__text__5">拆下来的旧石柱上，雕刻有“真寂禅堂空色相，夕阳梵语发天机”的联语。残碑上刻有“众乡者立碑以志不忘功德云，夕阳名寺，自唐敕建，山田千万，足供往来圣跡。及明末，有僧省止，败废基业，延至清初……”字样，足见该寺当年香火之盛。在寺院大堂，还有一通出土的诗碑：</span></p><p> </p><p><span class="js_darkmode__text__6">五年闽海喜相从，今日禅堂是再逢。</span></p><p><span class="js_darkmode__text__7">吾道但愿常振铎，此身何用叹飘蓬。</span></p><p><span class="js_darkmode__text__8">咏罗童冠春感莫，揖让皋夔日正中。</span></p><p><span class="js_darkmode__text__9">后会更期何处所，德望应上五云封。</span></p><p class="qf_image big noneditable" contenteditable="false"><img src="https://pic.app.fqlook.com/forum/20230402190130front1_0_155891_FjIaNIHpyfA_4F3Ffsb7AclVfoUY.jpg?watermark/3/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9waWMuYXBwLmZxbG9vay5jb20vYWRtaW5fRnYyNzVpbW1Hd0xnX0dTQ29mTWFoR3VkOHBiRC5wbmc=/dissolve/100/gravity/South/dx/10/dy/65/text/QOaZtOWkqTc4MA==/fontsize/400/dissolve/100/gravity/South/fill/I2E4YThhOA==/font/5b6u6L2v6ZuF6buR/dx/10/dy/35" alt="" width="1080" height="2146" data-qf-origin="forum/20230402190130front1_0_155891_FjIaNIHpyfA_4F3Ffsb7AclVfoUY.jpg?watermark/3/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9waWMuYXBwLmZxbG9vay5jb20vYWRtaW5fRnYyNzVpbW1Hd0xnX0dTQ29mTWFoR3VkOHBiRC5wbmc=/dissolve/100/gravity/South/dx/10/dy/65/text/QOaZtOWkqTc4MA==/fontsize/400/dissolve/100/gravity/South/fill/I2E4YThhOA==/font/5b6u6L2v6ZuF6buR/dx/10/dy/35" /></p><p>黄檗禅师观瀑吟诗于此</p><p>如今的真寂寺，是在昔日遗址上重建。寺后怪石巍峨，中有石洞，涧外有小渚，传说为宣宗之浴池。20世纪30年代圮毁，仅余遗址。遗址旁的水渚和石洞犹存，传说中的浴龙桥也还在，周围散落不少旧寺建筑构件和石臼等遗物。</p><p class="qf_image big noneditable" contenteditable="false"><img src="https://pic.app.fqlook.com/forum/20230402190147front1_0_155891_Fjmz4PP36Thq-ASuxN2nnl35uiua.jpg?watermark/3/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9waWMuYXBwLmZxbG9vay5jb20vYWRtaW5fRnYyNzVpbW1Hd0xnX0dTQ29mTWFoR3VkOHBiRC5wbmc=/dissolve/100/gravity/South/dx/10/dy/65/text/QOaZtOWkqTc4MA==/fontsize/400/dissolve/100/gravity/South/fill/I2E4YThhOA==/font/5b6u6L2v6ZuF6buR/dx/10/dy/35" alt="" width="1080" height="810" data-qf-origin="forum/20230402190147front1_0_155891_Fjmz4PP36Thq-ASuxN2nnl35uiua.jpg?watermark/3/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9waWMuYXBwLmZxbG9vay5jb20vYWRtaW5fRnYyNzVpbW1Hd0xnX0dTQ29mTWFoR3VkOHBiRC5wbmc=/dissolve/100/gravity/South/dx/10/dy/65/text/QOaZtOWkqTc4MA==/fontsize/400/dissolve/100/gravity/South/fill/I2E4YThhOA==/font/5b6u6L2v6ZuF6buR/dx/10/dy/35" /></p><p><span class="js_darkmode__text__12">据《泉州府志》《同安县志》记载：“真寂寺……，唐宣宗龙潜时与黄檗禅师观瀑吟诗于此”。关于唐宣宗李忱与黄檗希运禅师一同观瀑联句的传说，不同的文献记载着不同的地点，比如福清黄檗山龙潭、河南邓州香严寺、江西宜春黄檗山等地。这个吟诗联句，是怎样的一个故事呢？</span></p><p> </p><p><span class="js_darkmode__text__13">这里以福清黄檗山龙潭为例，来说明黄檗希运禅师和唐宣宗李忱联句的故事。道光《黄檗山寺志》的“黄檗重修寺志序”开篇就写道:“玉融黄檗者，唐宣宗观瀑联吟之地，梁江淹至闽游咏之区，裴丞相皈依于远祖断际，朱夫子供养其故人悟公……”。可见，寺志记载的是唐宣宗与黄檗希运禅师在黄檗山龙潭的“观瀑联吟”。</span></p><p> </p><p><span class="js_darkmode__text__14">唐宣宗李忱（810—859），是唐宪宗李纯第13子，唐武宗的叔叔。可唐武宗并不以“皇叔”之礼待他，李忱为避武宗之忌，云游四方，在江南禅林寺院隐匿、修行。在黄檗山龙潭瀑布前，二人观瀑联诗。</span></p><p> </p><p><span class="js_darkmode__text__15">黄檗希运禅师首出二句：<span class="js_darkmode__text__16">“千岩万壑不辞劳，远看方知出处高。”</span></span></p><p> </p><p><span class="js_darkmode__text__17">唐宣宗李忱接着联句：<span class="js_darkmode__text__18">“溪涧岂能留得住，终归大海作波涛。”</span></span></p><p class="qf_image big noneditable" contenteditable="false"><img src="https://pic.app.fqlook.com/forum/20230402190209front1_0_155891_Fi3HtetO_EhHLDX8AM0pfMU-fcRj.jpg?watermark/3/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9waWMuYXBwLmZxbG9vay5jb20vYWRtaW5fRnYyNzVpbW1Hd0xnX0dTQ29mTWFoR3VkOHBiRC5wbmc=/dissolve/100/gravity/South/dx/10/dy/65/text/QOaZtOWkqTc4MA==/fontsize/400/dissolve/100/gravity/South/fill/I2E4YThhOA==/font/5b6u6L2v6ZuF6buR/dx/10/dy/35" alt="" width="1080" height="810" data-qf-origin="forum/20230402190209front1_0_155891_Fi3HtetO_EhHLDX8AM0pfMU-fcRj.jpg?watermark/3/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9waWMuYXBwLmZxbG9vay5jb20vYWRtaW5fRnYyNzVpbW1Hd0xnX0dTQ29mTWFoR3VkOHBiRC5wbmc=/dissolve/100/gravity/South/dx/10/dy/65/text/QOaZtOWkqTc4MA==/fontsize/400/dissolve/100/gravity/South/fill/I2E4YThhOA==/font/5b6u6L2v6ZuF6buR/dx/10/dy/35" /></p><section data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="125160"><section><section class="js_darkmode__4" data-style="background-color: rgb(247, 247, 247); padding: 1em; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(134, 185, 66); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(134, 185, 66); margin-top: 1em; box-sizing: border-box;"><section><section data-autoskip="1"><p><span class="js_darkmode__text__19">从字面看，联句咏赞的是瀑布，而背后却是两层深意：黄檗希运禅师在暗指李忱的遭遇和身世，李忱流露的是他不甘平庸，终要“龙归大海”、有所作为的心胸和气魄。</span></p><p> </p><p><span class="js_darkmode__text__20">李忱登基之后，为报隐匿之恩，给希运在弘法方面提供许多方便。希运圆寂之后，大中三年己巳（849年）宣宗敕谥“断际禅师”。</span></p></section></section></section></section></section><p> </p><section data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="125160"><section><section><section><strong class="js_darkmode__text__21" data-brushtype="text">黄檗祖师真净住持真寂</strong></section><section></section><section><p><span class="js_darkmode__text__22">据道光《黄檗山寺志》卷四“法”之部载：黄檗山第八代明净清斯禅师，派行真净，号别庵，漳州海澄县林氏。十七岁（1645）时，礼仙游县宝幢山龙华寺德瑞公为师，二十二岁在泉州招庆寺亘信和尚处受具戒。隐元禅师曾到仙游龙华寺，明净清斯问“南泉斩猫”的公案。一拜未起，就被隐元禅师一脚踏到。明净清斯刚要开口，又被隐元禅师连踏两踏。明净清斯一下子通身汗下，遂跟随隐元禅师回到黄檗，作侍者两年。隐元禅师应扶桑四度礼请东渡，明净清斯以亲老不敢远行，回到仙游龙华寺，手书《华严经》以寿双亲。</span></p><p> </p><p><span class="js_darkmode__text__23">后来，明净清斯又从龙华回到黄檗，当时是慧门如沛和尚当山黄檗。慧门如沛一见明净清斯就问：“清兄何不倒却门前旧刹竿？”明净清斯说：“推倒易，扶起难？”慧门如沛说：你出手给我看看。明净清斯就打着筋斗出来。经过这一轮勘验，最后传法于明净清斯。明净清斯也就作为慧门和尚法嗣，成为临济正宗三十四世。</span></p><p class="qf_image big noneditable" contenteditable="false"><img src="https://pic.app.fqlook.com/forum/20230402190240front1_0_155891_FmbuSj12cLeBg7vRGNkgGGA4wbKH.jpg?watermark/3/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9waWMuYXBwLmZxbG9vay5jb20vYWRtaW5fRnYyNzVpbW1Hd0xnX0dTQ29mTWFoR3VkOHBiRC5wbmc=/dissolve/100/gravity/South/dx/10/dy/65/text/QOaZtOWkqTc4MA==/fontsize/400/dissolve/100/gravity/South/fill/I2E4YThhOA==/font/5b6u6L2v6ZuF6buR/dx/10/dy/35" alt="" width="1080" height="1593" data-qf-origin="forum/20230402190240front1_0_155891_FmbuSj12cLeBg7vRGNkgGGA4wbKH.jpg?watermark/3/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9waWMuYXBwLmZxbG9vay5jb20vYWRtaW5fRnYyNzVpbW1Hd0xnX0dTQ29mTWFoR3VkOHBiRC5wbmc=/dissolve/100/gravity/South/dx/10/dy/65/text/QOaZtOWkqTc4MA==/fontsize/400/dissolve/100/gravity/South/fill/I2E4YThhOA==/font/5b6u6L2v6ZuF6buR/dx/10/dy/35" /></p><p>顺治十七（1660）年秋，司理李其蔚，请明净清斯禅师住持同安真寂寺，李其蔚是清代同安县的首位进士。《黄檗山寺志》还记载，真寂寺为“希运祖师与唐宣宗所居处”，而且“浴龙池遗迹尚存”。明净清斯禅师来到真寂寺后，李其蔚“请建立宗旨”，也就是为寺院建立清规。明净清斯禅师建立的是什么“宗旨”？从明净清斯住持仙游南林寺时所题木匾“风高百丈”来看，明净清斯为同安真寂寺所立，应该是以“百丈清规”为基础的禅门规矩。</p><p> </p><p>到康熙十六（1677）年，应福清邑侯邓献英之请，明净清斯回到黄檗，先后住持黄檗五载。期间，在松隐堂建造了隐元禅师齿发塔，并建造黄檗山盲龙桥。离开黄檗之后，明净清斯应唐代古刹仙游南林寺之请，于康熙32年（1693）九月，重兴南林禅刹。康熙四十四年（1705）九月二十日示寂，塔全龛于黄檗塔庵公妈塔右崙，塔铭自撰。世寿七十七，有语录四卷行世。</p><p class="qf_image big noneditable" contenteditable="false"><img src="https://pic.app.fqlook.com/forum/20230402190308front1_0_155891_Fhd2YD3tq3K3lSPig8f5WKvuV9IY.jpg?watermark/3/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9waWMuYXBwLmZxbG9vay5jb20vYWRtaW5fRnYyNzVpbW1Hd0xnX0dTQ29mTWFoR3VkOHBiRC5wbmc=/dissolve/100/gravity/South/dx/10/dy/65/text/QOaZtOWkqTc4MA==/fontsize/400/dissolve/100/gravity/South/fill/I2E4YThhOA==/font/5b6u6L2v6ZuF6buR/dx/10/dy/35" alt="" width="1080" height="810" data-qf-origin="forum/20230402190308front1_0_155891_Fhd2YD3tq3K3lSPig8f5WKvuV9IY.jpg?watermark/3/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9waWMuYXBwLmZxbG9vay5jb20vYWRtaW5fRnYyNzVpbW1Hd0xnX0dTQ29mTWFoR3VkOHBiRC5wbmc=/dissolve/100/gravity/South/dx/10/dy/65/text/QOaZtOWkqTc4MA==/fontsize/400/dissolve/100/gravity/South/fill/I2E4YThhOA==/font/5b6u6L2v6ZuF6buR/dx/10/dy/35" /></p><p>撰文：福建省黄檗禅文化研究院副院长</p><p>白撞雨</p><p>高山</p></section></section></section></section> <!----></div> {:5_270:}{:5_270:} {:5_248:}{:5_248:}{:5_248:}{:5_248:}{:5_248:}{:5_248:}{:5_248:} {:5_270:}{:5_270:}{:5_270:} 夕阳梵语发天机 点赞！！！！！！！！！！！
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