叶向高文化（一）：叶向高的家教渊源
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 1.5px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; max-inline-size: 100%; font-size: 16.1905px; text-indent: 38px; line-height: 35px; outline: none 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: none 0px !important; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; max-inline-size: 100%; font-size: 15px;">家庭是人生的第一所学校。我们在研究叶向高官声人品处世哲学时，不能不注意到叶向高的先人们对他的影响。这些影响，有的是无形的，是流淌在血管里的潜移默化；有的是有形的，是耳提面命的谆谆教诲。</span><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"/></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 1.5px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; max-inline-size: 100%; font-size: 16.1905px; text-indent: 38px; line-height: 35px; outline: none 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: none 0px !important; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; max-inline-size: 100%; font-size: 15px;">叶向高的始祖叶宜兴，南宋末年由三山（福州）迁居至福清云山（今港头后叶村）。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 1.5px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; max-inline-size: 100%; font-size: 16.1905px; text-indent: 38px; line-height: 35px; outline: none 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: none 0px !important; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; max-inline-size: 100%; font-size: 15px;">叶向高的烈祖（六世祖）叶宏，家境富裕，乐善好施。乡邻有难，逢求必应。性格豪爽，高朋满座。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 1.5px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; max-inline-size: 100%; font-size: 16.1905px; text-indent: 38px; line-height: 35px; outline: none 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: none 0px !important; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; max-inline-size: 100%; font-size: 15px;">叶向高的天祖（五世祖）叶贽，继承父业，在尤溪经商致富。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 1.5px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; max-inline-size: 100%; font-size: 16.1905px; text-indent: 38px; line-height: 35px; outline: none 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: none 0px !important; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; max-inline-size: 100%; font-size: 15px;">叶向高的高祖（四世祖）叶汉，在闽清经商致富。他乐善好施，慷慨大方，尤其喜欢读书人。闽清儒生郑仲达，孤贫好学，叶汉不嫌他贫穷，与他交游十五年，郑家的婚丧嫁娶一应事宜都由叶汉为之操办，所费不下千金。当时，有人对叶汉说，郑秀才这样穷，不知道什么时候才能发达，你给他那么多的钱，他什么时候才能还给你。叶汉说，我与郑仲达是好朋友，友情是不能用金钱来衡量的。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(250, 192, 143); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; letter-spacing: 1.5px; white-space: normal; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 1.5px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; max-inline-size: 100%; font-size: 16.1905px; text-indent: 38px; line-height: 35px; outline: none 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: none 0px !important; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; max-inline-size: 100%; font-size: 15px;">不久，郑仲达中了举人，出任高州教授，赋诗寄赠叶汉：“道义情深见肺腑，天南地北会何难。洪江别去春三度，越水相思漏几残。金赠远逾苏叔厚，玉酬尚愧郑毡寒。炎凉本是平生事，谁向尘埃识冷官。”郑仲达高州任满，回乡时特意在福清宴请叶汉，作陪的有福清长吏、文学博士、社会名流。郑仲达对他们说，“仲达所以有今日者，斯人力也。不然沟中殍矣。”表达对叶汉的感激之情。郑仲达要把钱还给叶汉，叶汉分文不受。满座陪客赞叹不已，以叶汉为义士。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 1.5px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; max-inline-size: 100%; font-size: 16.1905px; text-indent: 38px; line-height: 35px; outline: none 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: none 0px !important; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; max-inline-size: 100%; font-size: 15px;">叶汉为人慷慨大方，本身生活却很俭朴，也常常以此教育子侄。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 1.5px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; max-inline-size: 100%; font-size: 16.1905px; text-indent: 38px; line-height: 35px; outline: none 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: none 0px !important; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; max-inline-size: 100%; font-size: 15px;">叶向高的曾祖（三世祖）叶仕俨，为人仗义疏财，慷慨大方，平生好客，重视教育。他盖了一座楼，取名为“云楼”，让两个儿子叶广才、叶广彬在楼内读书，勉励儿子青云直上，飞黄腾达。他喜欢和文人儒生交游，时常邀请文人墨客，登楼命觞，雅歌投壶，移日不倦。因为长子叶广才秀生出生，是当地名人，他就让次子叶广彬中断儒业，料理家政。他为了帮助堂兄打官司，耗费巨资，大伤元气，致使家道中落。死后，因叶向高显贵，朝廷赠其为中极殿大学士。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 1.5px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; max-inline-size: 100%; font-size: 16.1905px; text-indent: 38px; line-height: 35px; outline: none 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: none 0px !important; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; max-inline-size: 100%; font-size: 15px;">叶向高的伯祖叶广才，聪慧过人，曾下笔千言一挥而就，但卓尔不凡，无意功名。他在临终前，穿戴整齐，来到宗祠朝拜列祖列宗，与叶广彬诀别，招呼子侄家人，依次到自己面前施礼，命人把棺材抬到堂前，自己躺在棺材里面等死。忽然，他想起一对偶句，叫他儿子记下来：“辟谷身轻总把清高还造化，降生任重尚惭忠孝谢君亲。”言毕，合目长逝。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(250, 192, 143); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; letter-spacing: 1.5px; white-space: normal; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 1.5px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; max-inline-size: 100%; font-size: 16.1905px; text-indent: 38px; line-height: 35px; outline: none 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: none 0px !important; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; max-inline-size: 100%; font-size: 15px;">叶向高的祖父叶广彬，“少聪颖，日记万言”。虽然料理家政，却从未中断儒业，学问渊博，上至经史百家，下至阴阳术数，无不精通。他既耕且读，晚年学问益深。他与其兄叶广才及友人成立诗社，吟诗作赋，自娱自乐。叶广彬诗作颇丰，诗一：“天光清浅夜如练，桂影高低月下明。坐向中宵犹白昼，却疑月窟在灵扃。”诗二：“小构幽窗与月通，清辉莹彻此心同。仰天不语无人会，静对月蟾独省躬。”</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 1.5px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; max-inline-size: 100%; font-size: 16.1905px; text-indent: 38px; line-height: 35px; outline: none 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: none 0px !important; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; max-inline-size: 100%; font-size: 15px;">叶广彬为人忠厚，一生没有做过一件亏心事，没有说过一句亏心话。八十岁临终前，他赋诗一首：“八十年来识更真，深知言行切修身。谨言慎行无些过，细教吾乡有几人。”</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(250, 192, 143); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; letter-spacing: 1.5px; white-space: normal; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 1.5px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; max-inline-size: 100%; font-size: 16.1905px; text-indent: 38px; line-height: 35px; outline: none 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: none 0px !important; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; max-inline-size: 100%; font-size: 15px;">叶广彬年近古稀，才有叶向高这么一个孙子，而且天资聪颖，便竭尽全力，教叶向高读书、写字、做对子，让叶向高与自己一起睡觉，以便口授经史，时时教诲。有一天，叶广彬出了一个对子，“日长似岁闲方觉”，让叶向高对。叶向高不假思索，应声答道：“夜永如年卧不知”。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 1.5px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; max-inline-size: 100%; font-size: 16.1905px; text-indent: 38px; line-height: 35px; outline: none 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: none 0px !important; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; max-inline-size: 100%; font-size: 15px;">叶广彬死后，因叶向高显贵，朝廷赠其为通议公、太子太保、吏部尚书和中极殿大学士。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 1.5px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; max-inline-size: 100%; font-size: 16.1905px; text-indent: 38px; line-height: 35px; outline: none 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: none 0px !important; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; max-inline-size: 100%; font-size: 15px;">叶向高的父亲叶朝荣，自幼好读书，很早就进入县学。叶朝荣虽然聪慧，却是命运乖蹇，大器晚成。隆庆元年，朝廷选拔贡生，已经54岁的叶朝荣，应选入京，在国子监读书。考试合格，可以做官。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 1.5px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; max-inline-size: 100%; font-size: 16.1905px; text-indent: 38px; line-height: 35px; outline: none 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: none 0px !important; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; max-inline-size: 100%; font-size: 15px;">叶朝荣两试不中，无缘仕途，返回家乡。直到63岁那年，才时来运转，先是担任江州府（今九江市）别驾，主管赋税征收事务。后又升任广西养利知州。叶朝荣为官清正廉洁，纤毫不取。万历十四年（1586年），叶朝荣卒于任上。据何乔远的《闽书》载，叶朝荣“卒之日，僚属简其囊，书数函，衣数袭而已”。内阁首辅朱赓为叶朝荣撰写墓志铭，称叶朝荣“生有异质，素负大志”，称赞他“儒为纯儒，吏为循吏”。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 1.5px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; max-inline-size: 100%; font-size: 16.1905px; text-indent: 37px; line-height: 35px; outline: none 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: none 0px !important; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; max-inline-size: 100%; font-size: 15px;">叶朝荣晚年得子，对叶向高要求十分严厉，勉以勤苦立身，诚实为人。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(250, 192, 143); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; letter-spacing: 1.5px; white-space: normal; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 1.5px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; max-inline-size: 100%; font-size: 16.1905px; text-indent: 37px; line-height: 35px; outline: none 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: none 0px !important; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; max-inline-size: 100%; font-size: 15px;">叶向高几代先人，不是读书人，就是喜欢读书人。叶向高出生在如此重视教育、重视文化的耕读世家，经历了浓重的中华传统文化熏陶，加之自身的天资聪颖，刻苦努力，日后成为一代良相，并非偶然。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 1.5px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; max-inline-size: 100%; font-size: 16.1905px; line-height: 23.8095px; outline: none 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"/></p><hr style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(250, 192, 143); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; letter-spacing: 1.5px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; border-style: solid; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); transform-origin: 0px 0px; transform: scale(1, 0.5); box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"/><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(250, 192, 143); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; letter-spacing: 1.5px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">作者：陈则东</span></p><p><br/></p><link rel="stylesheet" href="//www.fqlook.cn/source/plugin/wcn_editor/public/wcn_editor_fit.css?v134_czz" id="wcn_editor_css"/>
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