清明节的哀与乐
<!----><style type="text/css">html{font-size:375%}</style><link href="https://pic.app.fqlook.com/static/publish/css/style.css?v=1605251010503" rel="stylesheet" position="1" data-qf-origin="/static/publish/css/style.css?v=1605251010503"><!-- 付费贴--> <div class="preview_article "> <!----> <p class="empty_paragraph"> </p><p class="qf_image big noneditable" contenteditable="false"><img src="https://pic.app.fqlook.com/forum/20240404092858front2_0_153532_Ft_SkfUYMXLMoHld3Nve3OL6687G.png?watermark/3/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9waWMuYXBwLmZxbG9vay5jb20vYWRtaW5fRnYyNzVpbW1Hd0xnX0dTQ29mTWFoR3VkOHBiRC5wbmc=/dissolve/100/gravity/South/dx/10/dy/65/text/QOaipuaDs-S9leWFiOeUnw==/fontsize/400/dissolve/100/gravity/South/fill/I2E4YThhOA==/font/5b6u6L2v6ZuF6buR/dx/10/dy/35" alt="" width="900" height="383" data-qf-origin="forum/20240404092858front2_0_153532_Ft_SkfUYMXLMoHld3Nve3OL6687G.png?watermark/3/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9waWMuYXBwLmZxbG9vay5jb20vYWRtaW5fRnYyNzVpbW1Hd0xnX0dTQ29mTWFoR3VkOHBiRC5wbmc=/dissolve/100/gravity/South/dx/10/dy/65/text/QOaipuaDs-S9leWFiOeUnw==/fontsize/400/dissolve/100/gravity/South/fill/I2E4YThhOA==/font/5b6u6L2v6ZuF6buR/dx/10/dy/35" /></p><p>清明，是农历24节气的第五个节气。在每年公历的4月5日前后，“万物生长，此时皆清洁而明净，故谓之清明”。除了“路上行人欲断魂”，关于清明更有“遥听弦管暗看花”“人生有酒须当醉”的诗篇。清明节有一种独特的况味，它结合了歌与哭，喜与悲，既有死的孤寂，也有生的灵动。清明这天可以悼念追思，也可以游春酣醉，既有祭祀缅怀感伤情，又有春色踏青、多种游乐活动的欢笑声。</p><p> </p><p>少女的青春活泼</p><p class="qf_image big noneditable" contenteditable="false"><img src="https://pic.app.fqlook.com/forum/20240404092925front2_0_153532_Frfys7MgD_gUv1PKOqI2yFoOuF-K.jpg?watermark/3/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9waWMuYXBwLmZxbG9vay5jb20vYWRtaW5fRnYyNzVpbW1Hd0xnX0dTQ29mTWFoR3VkOHBiRC5wbmc=/dissolve/100/gravity/South/dx/10/dy/65/text/QOaipuaDs-S9leWFiOeUnw==/fontsize/400/dissolve/100/gravity/South/fill/I2E4YThhOA==/font/5b6u6L2v6ZuF6buR/dx/10/dy/35" alt="" width="1080" height="811" data-qf-origin="forum/20240404092925front2_0_153532_Frfys7MgD_gUv1PKOqI2yFoOuF-K.jpg?watermark/3/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9waWMuYXBwLmZxbG9vay5jb20vYWRtaW5fRnYyNzVpbW1Hd0xnX0dTQ29mTWFoR3VkOHBiRC5wbmc=/dissolve/100/gravity/South/dx/10/dy/65/text/QOaipuaDs-S9leWFiOeUnw==/fontsize/400/dissolve/100/gravity/South/fill/I2E4YThhOA==/font/5b6u6L2v6ZuF6buR/dx/10/dy/35" /></p><p>清明时节，春回大地。除了缅怀亲人，扫墓等重要习俗外，还有寻春踏青，放风筝、荡秋千、拔河等多种趣味活动的民间习俗。据考证，自南北朝时就盛行春日郊游，唐代诗人王建的《秋千词》中写道：“少年儿女重秋千，盘巾结带分两边。身轻裙薄易生力，双手向空如鸟翼。”可见，古时候清明随处可见少女们纯真活泼的身影。虽然诗句浅显易懂，但“盘巾结带分两边”的生动活泼，“双手向空如鸟翼”的轻盈灵动，无不彰显着青春年少追逐春光，拥抱自然，其乐融融的场面。春日游，杏花吹满头，千年后的今日，我们依旧能透过诗句看到少年的冒险游戏，感受到青春活泼的少女气息。</p><p> </p><p>诗人的欢宴作乐</p><p class="qf_image big noneditable" contenteditable="false"><img src="https://pic.app.fqlook.com/forum/20240404093004front2_0_153532_FjzCg3WwsaApGImDS9kLkuw6zQHr.jpg?watermark/3/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9waWMuYXBwLmZxbG9vay5jb20vYWRtaW5fRnYyNzVpbW1Hd0xnX0dTQ29mTWFoR3VkOHBiRC5wbmc=/dissolve/100/gravity/South/dx/10/dy/65/text/QOaipuaDs-S9leWFiOeUnw==/fontsize/400/dissolve/100/gravity/South/fill/I2E4YThhOA==/font/5b6u6L2v6ZuF6buR/dx/10/dy/35" alt="" width="1080" height="811" data-qf-origin="forum/20240404093004front2_0_153532_FjzCg3WwsaApGImDS9kLkuw6zQHr.jpg?watermark/3/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9waWMuYXBwLmZxbG9vay5jb20vYWRtaW5fRnYyNzVpbW1Hd0xnX0dTQ29mTWFoR3VkOHBiRC5wbmc=/dissolve/100/gravity/South/dx/10/dy/65/text/QOaipuaDs-S9leWFiOeUnw==/fontsize/400/dissolve/100/gravity/South/fill/I2E4YThhOA==/font/5b6u6L2v6ZuF6buR/dx/10/dy/35" /></p><p>公元353年的上巳节，王羲之和四十几位好友在兰亭聚会，大家在兰亭清溪两旁席地而坐，把盛了酒的觞放在溪中，觞由上游浮水缓缓而下，在哪一位的面前打转或停下，他就要即兴赋诗并饮酒，是为“曲水流觞”。由此可见，王羲之笔下著名的兰亭，是魏晋玄学风尚下文人寄情山水的真实场所，从这一婉转的水系中可以穿梭思考生活及生命的本质。</p><p> </p><p>少数民族的信仰礼俗</p><p class="qf_image big noneditable" contenteditable="false"><img src="https://pic.app.fqlook.com/forum/20240404093041front2_0_153532_Fs5MKIea2u6zG1J-Der6fhdv8gkm.jpg?watermark/3/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9waWMuYXBwLmZxbG9vay5jb20vYWRtaW5fRnYyNzVpbW1Hd0xnX0dTQ29mTWFoR3VkOHBiRC5wbmc=/dissolve/100/gravity/South/dx/10/dy/65/text/QOaipuaDs-S9leWFiOeUnw==/fontsize/400/dissolve/100/gravity/South/fill/I2E4YThhOA==/font/5b6u6L2v6ZuF6buR/dx/10/dy/35" alt="" width="1080" height="709" data-qf-origin="forum/20240404093041front2_0_153532_Fs5MKIea2u6zG1J-Der6fhdv8gkm.jpg?watermark/3/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9waWMuYXBwLmZxbG9vay5jb20vYWRtaW5fRnYyNzVpbW1Hd0xnX0dTQ29mTWFoR3VkOHBiRC5wbmc=/dissolve/100/gravity/South/dx/10/dy/65/text/QOaipuaDs-S9leWFiOeUnw==/fontsize/400/dissolve/100/gravity/South/fill/I2E4YThhOA==/font/5b6u6L2v6ZuF6buR/dx/10/dy/35" /></p><p>清明也近“三月三”，杜甫《丽人行》的那句，“三月三日天气新，长安水边多丽人”，将摇曳绮丽之风情烘至高处，自宋以后，理学盛行，礼教渐趋森严，三月三情人节风俗，在中国文化中渐渐衰微。而在三明永安，“三月三”也是畲族文化节，每年这一天，来自全国各地的游客齐聚畲寨，大家载歌载舞，既可以观摩畲族传统婚礼、体验畲族传统武艺，又可以接触畲族传统手工艺、观赏具有少数民族特色的大腔戏、大腔傀儡戏、打黑狮演出，共同品味畲族特色小吃，享受别开生面的文化大餐。</p><p> </p><p>中华民族的精神和气节</p><p class="qf_image big noneditable" contenteditable="false"><img src="https://pic.app.fqlook.com/forum/20240404093133front2_0_153532_FnPqx_vWcLpF7tW_YvnJkQ5e92I1.jpg?watermark/3/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9waWMuYXBwLmZxbG9vay5jb20vYWRtaW5fRnYyNzVpbW1Hd0xnX0dTQ29mTWFoR3VkOHBiRC5wbmc=/dissolve/100/gravity/South/dx/10/dy/65/text/QOaipuaDs-S9leWFiOeUnw==/fontsize/400/dissolve/100/gravity/South/fill/I2E4YThhOA==/font/5b6u6L2v6ZuF6buR/dx/10/dy/35" alt="" width="1080" height="720" data-qf-origin="forum/20240404093133front2_0_153532_FnPqx_vWcLpF7tW_YvnJkQ5e92I1.jpg?watermark/3/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9waWMuYXBwLmZxbG9vay5jb20vYWRtaW5fRnYyNzVpbW1Hd0xnX0dTQ29mTWFoR3VkOHBiRC5wbmc=/dissolve/100/gravity/South/dx/10/dy/65/text/QOaipuaDs-S9leWFiOeUnw==/fontsize/400/dissolve/100/gravity/South/fill/I2E4YThhOA==/font/5b6u6L2v6ZuF6buR/dx/10/dy/35" /></p><p>我们祭祖，缅怀先人，或许并非先人需要我们那几片纸钱，那几杯薄酒，而是我们需要他们。一个人，能被人记得多久，或是能被多少人记得，这取决于有多少人需要他。就像我们说“诗仙”李白、“诗圣”杜甫、“诗神”苏轼，千百年来李杜苏的诗句我们一读再读，我们欣赏李白的桀骜不驯，浪漫豪放，拜服杜甫的忧国忧民，博大胸襟，他们的精神穿越历史的尘烟与当下的我们产生一次又一次精神上的共鸣，正是因为我们需要李杜苏的精神和气节。</p><p> </p><p>乐知天命的哲学和智慧</p><p class="qf_image big noneditable" contenteditable="false"><img src="https://pic.app.fqlook.com/forum/20240404093219front2_0_153532_FukSl90SINVOXExVqYggaRACIkI7.jpg?watermark/3/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9waWMuYXBwLmZxbG9vay5jb20vYWRtaW5fRnYyNzVpbW1Hd0xnX0dTQ29mTWFoR3VkOHBiRC5wbmc=/dissolve/100/gravity/South/dx/10/dy/65/text/QOaipuaDs-S9leWFiOeUnw==/fontsize/400/dissolve/100/gravity/South/fill/I2E4YThhOA==/font/5b6u6L2v6ZuF6buR/dx/10/dy/35" alt="" width="1080" height="811" data-qf-origin="forum/20240404093219front2_0_153532_FukSl90SINVOXExVqYggaRACIkI7.jpg?watermark/3/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9waWMuYXBwLmZxbG9vay5jb20vYWRtaW5fRnYyNzVpbW1Hd0xnX0dTQ29mTWFoR3VkOHBiRC5wbmc=/dissolve/100/gravity/South/dx/10/dy/65/text/QOaipuaDs-S9leWFiOeUnw==/fontsize/400/dissolve/100/gravity/South/fill/I2E4YThhOA==/font/5b6u6L2v6ZuF6buR/dx/10/dy/35" /></p><p style="font-weight: 400;">乐天知命，这是古代哲人庄子所说的一种理想境界，也是中国人千年来积淀下的人生智慧，乐天，就是对自然和命运的顺从和接纳；知命，则是对生命和存在的理解和尊重。清明节，哀与乐并存，就像人生，也总有许多无奈和遗憾。但人生一路，总有千千万的开始与邂逅，不沉溺于过去的遗憾和痛苦，以理智的态度理解和尊重生命的意义和价值，以积极的态度面对现在和未来，才能更好地面对未来。</p><p style="font-weight: 400;"> </p><p style="font-weight: 400;">来源:福建税务</p><p style="font-weight: 400;">2024-04-04 09:00 福建</p><p style="font-weight: 400;"> </p><p style="font-weight: 400;">作者：永安税务 潘睿</p> <!----></div>
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